asp.net interview questions part- 8

·  What is an application domain?

An AppDomain can be thought of as a lightweight process. Multiple AppDomains can exist inside a Win32 process. The primary purpose of the AppDomain is to isolate applications from each other, and so it is particularly useful in hosting scenarios such as ASP.NET. An AppDomain can be destroyed by the host without affecting other AppDomains in the process.

Win32 processes provide isolation by having distinct memory address spaces. This is effective, but expensive. The .NET runtime enforces AppDomain isolation by keeping control over the use of memory - all memory in the AppDomain is managed by the .NET runtime, so the runtime can ensure that AppDomains do not access each other’s memory.

One non-obvious use of AppDomains is for unloading types. Currently the only way to unload a .NET type is to destroy the AppDomain it is loaded into. This is particularly useful if you create and destroy types on-the-fly via reflection.

·  Does .NET support one-way Web service operations? Does Microsoft SOAP Toolkit support one-way Web service operations?

Yes, .NET framework does support one-way messages. To set a void method as one-way operation, set the OneWay property to true on SoapDocumentMethodAttribute or on SoapRpcMethodAttribute attribute. In such cases, the Web service client is intending to just send some notification to the server and not expect any response. The server in such cases returns 202 Accepted HTTP response to the client. And there will be no output message in the WSDL file for such methods. The support for one-way Web service operations was also added in the latest SOAP Toolkit 3.0 release.

·  Does .NET support validating XML documents against DTDs?

Yes, in addition to XDR and XSD schema validation, .NET continues to support the DTD to validate the XML documents. The System.Xml namespace contains a class named XmlValidatingReader that can be used to validate the XML documents.

·  What is an .ASP file?

It is a Text File that contains the combination of the following:
• Text
• HTML tags
• Script Commands

·  Where would you use an iHTTPModule, and what are the limitations of anyapproach you might take in implementing one?

One of ASP.NET’s most useful features is the extensibility of the HTTP pipeline, the path that data takes between client and server. You can use them to extend your ASP.NET applications by adding pre- and post-processing to each HTTP request coming into your application. For example, if you wanted custom authentication facilities for your application, the best technique would be to intercept the request when it comes in and process the request in a custom HTTP module.

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